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Official name: Kingdom of the Netherlands
Capital city: Amsterdam
Languages spoken: Dutch, Frisian, English
Population: Around 17.5 million
Currency: Euro (EUR)
Time zone: GMT+1
Driving side: Right
Climate: Maritime climate with mild summers, cool winters, and plenty of rain spread through the year
The Netherlands, known for its canals, windmills, and liberal outlook, combines centuries of history with modern innovation. Amsterdam is famous for its museums, lively culture, and picturesque waterways, while cities like Rotterdam, Utrecht, and The Hague showcase contemporary architecture and political importance. Much of the country lies below sea level, protected by an advanced system of dikes and flood defences.
The Netherlands is a low-lying country on the North Sea, bordered by Germany and Belgium. Around a third of its land lies below sea level, reclaimed over centuries through polders and dikes. The flat terrain makes it ideal for cycling and agriculture, while its rivers, including the Rhine, Meuse, and Scheldt, provide vital transport links.
Amsterdam Schiphol Airport is one of Europe’s busiest hubs, offering worldwide connections. The country has an excellent rail system linking cities and international destinations, while buses and trams provide efficient local transport. Cycling is part of everyday life, with dedicated paths everywhere. Driving is straightforward, though congestion and parking costs can be high in urban centres.
As an EU and Schengen member, the Netherlands allows UK citizens and many other nationals visa-free entry for up to 90 days in a 180-day period. Longer stays for work or study require the appropriate visa or residence permit. The British Embassy is located in The Hague.
The euro (EUR) is the official currency. ATMs are widely available, and debit and credit cards are commonly used, though some smaller shops may prefer local payment methods like Maestro. The Netherlands is considered relatively expensive, especially in Amsterdam, though quality of goods and services is high.
The Dutch healthcare system is of a very high standard. Emergency care is readily available, and English is widely spoken by medical staff. EU residents can use their EHIC/GHIC card for necessary state treatment, but comprehensive travel insurance is still recommended to cover additional costs. Tap water is safe to drink throughout the country.